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Handheld Radios, some are those "Walkie-Talkies" (I hate that term btw), others are VHF/UHF Ham Radios, or GMRS/FRS, MURS, or Meshtastic (I don't even know how those meshtastic things work). AFIAK, phones cannot fit those antennas in such a thin build, so they won't be replaced for a long time, possibly forever. I mean, there is no way to cram such antenna in there. There might be some phones that are also handheld radios, but those are probably so niche, that I've never heard of any such thing.
Very useful in like a natural disaster and the cell towers are down. (Or just something like war where the commucation infrastructure is just shut down by the destruction).
Idk about other countries, but in the USA, those walmart/target walkie talkies do not need any license, because they are just FRS radios that use FRS frequencies. AFIAK MURS and Meshtastic also is license free. Ham and GMRS will probably require licenses in many jurisdictions. Some GMRS and FRS frequencies overlap, but GMRS can (legally) use more power, and can swap antennas, which FRS radios cannot (not legally).
Baofeng radios are cheap and its only like $50 or so for a pack of two. They are supposed to be either Ham or GMRS versions, but apparantly I have those "Ham Radios" that can do both which is gonna make the FCC sad ๐
If you have a repeater in your area that your signal can reach, you can talk a long distance throughout your neighborhood.
Both Ham and GMRS require a license in the USA, but GMRS license does not require a test, which Ham license do. GMRS license is literally just a payment for a paper.
Even if you use a radio without a license, most of the time, nothing will happen. The FCC (at least, before 2025) wont care if you talk to your friends using radio without a license. And FCC rules don't apply during an emergency.
(I mostly learned these things via looking around the internet in the past few months because I was interested in the topic of "off grid" communications. I don't have any licenses yet ๐ )
CB radios are still widely used by truck drivers. Listening to the CB on long trips can sometimes be very entertaining.
This is funny, just yesterday I randomly found phones with built-in VHF/UHF radios on Aliexpress. To be fair, they look super clunky and are very expensive for off-brand Chinese phones ($800+), but they do exist. I wonder who buys them.
Caveat to this: If you use these radios on amateur bands without licenses, you should expect legal problems. Operating them on FRS, MURS, GMRS, or PLMRS bands is far less likely to upset anyone.
Non-hams might not be aware, but amateur radio requires you to identify yourself with your callsign at the beginning of every transmission, and every 10 minutes after that. Failure to do so is conspicuous. The other bands mentioned don't have (or don't enforce) this identification requirement, so you aren't immediately outing yourself with every transmission.
I have never used the RFinder but the guy who developed it is local so I'm aware of it. https://rfinder.shop/product/rfinder-m6-dual-band-dmr-4g-lte/ it looks awesome but is more expensive than a really good HF base station so ymmv
I had a Nokia phone (6070?) that had some kind of walkie-talkie-like function, but I never figured out what it did.
Edit: Apparently it's called Push-to-Talk, and it uses PTT service, whatever that is.
I remember seeing a product demo in Australia by Huawei about a mobile phone with an inbuilt 2way radio marketed for mines.