I’m in the exact same situation. I noticed this months ago and never found a way to go back to look at an overview of my comments.
YouTube used to be a legit social network back in the day where you could see your comments and people could comment directly to your channel profile. But with all the changes they’ve made, all of that doesn’t seem to exist anymore.
You’d just have to go back to some of the videos you remember. Thankfully they do push your comments to the top of the list for easy access, but that’s only if your comment was a direct reply to the video. If it was to a comment under an existing comment, good luck.
Even with me changing my settings, I still don’t get notified most of the time when someone replies to me, only if someone upvotes my comment. Every once in a while, it feels like 9 times out of 10, does that happen and only 1 time out of 10 do I get the notification someone replied.