Technology
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Coaxial vacuum tubes allow solar light energy in through the vacuum but the heat energy can't escape that way. The center conductor is black and a heat pipe to heat the water.
Super duper efficient
Ed: also regarding a black container not vacuum isolated, the heat energy will be lost to the environs just as fast and efficiently as it is absorbed. Ref: Black Body Radiation
Just to clarify your comment for other readers: the coaxial vacuum tube do a better job of putting the heat into the water as opposed to the surroundings.