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Signal under fire for storing encryption keys in plaintext
(stackdiary.com)
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In the device's secure enclave (e.g. TPM).
How does that help when somebody has access to the phone via your PIN or password?
Anti Commercial-AI license
If I'm not mistaken you can save keys in these chips so that they can not be extracted. You can only use the key to encrypt/decrypt/sign/verify by asking the chip to do these operations with your key.
That sounds only marginally better. Access to the phone still means you can create a backup containing the key, so TPM wouldn't help much.
Anti Commercial-AI license
No, why would a backup contain non-exportable information? One of the reasons to use TPM to begin with is that sensitive information can't leave it.