Technology
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I think the best solution are federating ip bans and maybe mass registration prevention.
The idea would be to note your ip in the account which then gets federated and if this ip registers a third account, it gets blocked. (Two might be a changing ip or a lost password)
IP bans are not very useful considering that almost nobody has a static IP these days.
CGNAT IP addresses change frequently and can be shared by over 100 users. I find it very annoying to have to connect to a VPN until my IP changes because someone else got the IP I'm using banned.
Browser fingerprinting would be a better way of detecting ban evaders.
browser fingerprinting is inherently bad for privacy and would require scripts that nobody wants to run
not to mention the GDPR issues with servers having that amount of data
I'm not a fan of fingerprinting either, although good luck avoiding it considering just how much of the web is behind Cloudflare.
the fediverse largely prides itself on no tracking, in fact in the past instances that used cloudflare have been harshly criticised.
This is against the fediverse's core values
I've had my server behind Cloudflare this entire time. Should I not be doing that? At a minimum I need something to hide my server's real IP.