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The original was posted on /r/armenia by /u/intofarlands on 2024-09-12 09:39:19+00:00.

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The original was posted on /r/armenia by /u/ar_david_hh on 2024-09-11 23:03:04+00:00.

Original Title: EU visa liberalization in 3 years? \ Pashinyan discusses "corridor" details \ ICC case vs Azerb. \ Hungary in EU: Visa lib, CEPA+ \ Armenia has youngest parliament: IPU \ USAID's quarter billion: areas \ Illegal demolition \ Yerevan's elevators \ Gym bros \ C-section & marriage \ and...


13 minutes of Armenia coverage in Transcaucasian Telegraph's Sep/11/2024 edition.

Armenian NGO provides an update on the International Criminal Court war crime case against the Aliyev regime

Regular readers may recall from April 18 telegraph that a US-based NGO "Center for Truth and Justice" filed a claim with ICC (Rome Statute) to launch a war crime investigation against Azerbaijani authorities for the aggression since 2020.

A representative of the NGO says they need multiple ambassadors of ICC to back up their petition and promote it, lobby the case in front of prosecutors, for the case to move forward. This is difficult because of how overloaded the court is today and how busy everyone is; the cases are being prioritized.

The NGO is competing not only for their attention but also for financial resources. The [presumably ICC's] budget will become clear soon, and if the Armenian case is part of the 2025 budget, only then ICC will send its prosecutor to Armenia for investigation before they can decide how to proceed.

The NGO has gathered information from 500 victims and witnesses. This case is about Azerbaijan's war crimes in the Republic of Armenia in 2022. This is separate from Azerbaijan's war crimes in Nagorno-Karabakh, but the NGO will use Azerbaijan's crimes against Nagorno-Karabakh as evidence because in both cases it's about ethnic Armenians.

One of the incidents is about an Armenian female soldier who was killed and had her body mutilated then posted on the internet; it caught the attention of international investigative reporters. Azerbaijani army commanders, and their leader President Ilham Aliyev, are the targets of this criminal case.

The NGO representative likes prosecutor Karim Khan and believes he is independent because he had the courage to go after Benjamin Netanyahoo. In any case, the NGO needs multiple powerful states to back its case.

full,

Nikol Pashinyan urges Russian and Azerbaijani officials to read Paragraph 9 of the November 9 ceasefire statement before they speak about it

Russian officials recently renewed accusations that Armenia is supposedly violating Paragraph 9. Russia wants Armenia to surrender a Russian-controlled corridor to Azerbaijan.

PASHINYAN: We refrained from speaking about this in public because it's a working process, diplomatic process, and we didn't want to speak in detail publicly, but we are speaking publicly now because representatives of certain countries chose to make public statements about it. Their statements make it obvious that they have never actually read the Nov 9 statement.

Here is what I mean. They often raise Paragraph 9 of the Nov 9 statement. Let's read what Paragraph 9 says:

"All economic and transport connections in the region shall be unblocked."

That means Paragraph 9 isn't only about establishing a connection between Azerbaijan and Nakhijevan. Moreover, the Azerbaijan-Nakhijevan link is not the primary goal. It is about unblocking all the routes in the region.

For example, the Armenia-Iran railway, the Armenia-Russia railway, including through Meghri or Ijevan, a road connection between Armenia and Iran through Nakhijevan, a road connection between Armenia and Russia through Azerbaijan, a connection between Armenia and Kazakhstan, so on and so forth. This is the first [sentence], this is the primary point of Paragraph 9.

Where is the Armenia-Iran railway link? Is Armenia the one preventing its opening? Are we the ones not allowing it to function? Is it open? If it's open, let me know, because we need to transport some cargo there.

Continuing Paragraph 9:

"The Republic of Armenia shall guarantee the security of transport connections between the western regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic in order to arrange unobstructed movement of persons, vehicles and cargo in both directions"

Did you hear carefully what it says? The guarantor of its security is Armenia. Anyone who suggests this Paragraph gives the security guarantor duties to a third party [Russia] must show where it says that.

Moreover. It says Armenia is the one that organizes [arranges] the traffic.

In other words, it says Armenia is the one that guarantees its security and Armenia is the one that organizes the traffic. [He is shouting at this point] NOWHERE DOES IT SAY SOMEONE HAS TO COME FROM SOMEWHERE, PROVIDE THOSE GUARANTEES AND ORGANIZE THE TRAFFIC. ARMENIA DOES ALL OF THAT.

Continuing Paragraph 9:

"The Border Guard Service of the Russian Federal Security Service shall be responsible for overseeing the transport connections."

Where does it say Russian agents must be PHYSICALLY present there? Where is it written? Nowhere. The presence of Russian border agents in Armenia is a separate contractual issue, completely up to Armenia. If today Armenia wants Russian border agents to be present, tomorrow we might decide that they aren't present.

Continuing Paragraph 9:

"Subject to agreement between the Parties, the construction of new transport communications to link the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic with the western regions of Azerbaijan will be ensured."

We agree. We agree. Come travel through Armenia. Who is preventing you? Azerbaijan refuses. They refuse because they don't want Armenia to be the party responsible for security, despite the fact that the November 9 statement, signed by Azerbaijan, states that Armenia must be the one to provide the security. They also signed on November 9 that states Armenia must organize the traffic.

Paragraph 9 contains no sentence limiting Armenia's sovereignty over its territory. Paragraph 9 contains nothing that requires Armenia to hand over its duties to a third party.

There was a time [after signing November 9], during a crisis situation, when we offered to transfer the duties, but in a mirrored fashion. We weren't required to do it, but we decided to make that offer anyway as a gesture of goodwill. It's our decision to make. We are not required. And today, as a gesture of goodwill, we are offering Azerbaijanis to travel to Nakhijevan through Armenia. Today Azerbaijani jets fly over Armenia between Azerbaijan and Nakhijevan. So this language [about the Zangezur corridor] is at a minimum inexplicable. The statements made by public officials of certain countries make it obvious that they either have never read the November 9 statement or they need a refresher.

So Paragraph 9 does not say Russian agents must be present on the ground. Moreover, even Vladimir Putin's December 10 decree does not say that; it similarly highlights that the subject that provides and guarantees for connection is the Republic of Armenia. Any other comment/interpretation is groundless. //

Pashinyan said they have paused the plan to build new infrastructure to connect Azerbaijan to Nakhijevan because of Azerbaijan's refusal to use the route. "Why would Armenia waste money on infrastructure that Azerbaijan says it doesn't plan to use?" The infrastructure will be built when Azerbaijan agrees to respect Armenia's sovereignty over the routes.

Pashinyan also said Armenia is ready to simplify travel through this east-west route by utilizing modern technologies used around the world so the Azeri travelers will spend as little time on procedures as possible before proceeding.

video, video, source,

can Russia provide guarantees that its border agents aren't secretly trafficking narcotics from Iran through Armenia?

---> JUST ASKING <---

Because Maria Zakharova, the spokesperson of Russia's foreign ministry, brought up the topic on Wednesday.

While responding to Armenian parliament president Alen Simonyan's latest remarks critical of Russia, Zakharova reminded about the "importance" of the presence of Russian border agents on the border with Iran:

SUBORDINATE OF MIHRAN POGHOSYAN'S BIGGEST CLIENT: Russian border guards have repeatedly confirmed the need for their presence in Armenia, including for preventing illegal crossing of the Armenian border and suppressing attempts at drug trafficking. When people who are not specialists in this field so freely discuss this topic, perhaps it makes sense to give the floor to those who have been really guarding the border of Armenia, not sitting in soft chairs, but with weapons in their hands, on the front lines for many years. Maybe we should ask them? Maybe they will have their say? //

[source,](https://arka.am/en/news/politics/w...


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The original was posted on /r/armenia by /u/ar_david_hh on 2024-09-11 00:16:00+00:00.

Original Title: Pashinyan takes a shot at Russia's "corridor" demands, exposes Aliyev's peace obstructionism and lies about Armenia's Constitution \ Lithuanian ex-prez's advice to Armenia \ Big drama in Yerevan & Goris \ Medicine purge \ Economy \ Explosion at smelter: casualties \ AM-HU; Black Sea \ and...


12 minutes of Armenia coverage in Transcaucasian Telegraph's Sep/10/2024 edition.

first-ever international "Yerevan Dialogue" launched on Tuesday, attended by public officials and experts from 61 countries with 40% of panelists being women

Most of what PM Pashinyan said was a repetition of the information he shared during the September 2 press conference, which the followers of Transcaucasian Telegraph read here.

... Pashinyan about peace agreement

He repeated that it's possible to sign a peace agreement today because most of the text, including the important parts, is already mutually acceptable by both parties and that the remaining parts can be discussed later once diplomatic relations are established between the two states as stipulated under the peace treaty. Azerbaijan refuses to sign it under various pretenses.

... Pashinyan about communication routes

Pashinyan wants to open the regional communication routes so Armenia can gain railway access to Iran and Turkey, while Azerbaijan can connect to Turkey. This can be achieved under the Crossroads of Peace.

Pashinyan took a shot at Russia and Azerbaijan for attempting to open only the Nakhijevan-Azerbaijan route and hand over its control to Russia, as opposed to opening every communication route and allowing states to manage the routes passing through their territories. "Such modus operandi is not understandable to us, and to speak directly is unacceptable to us," said Pashinyan about the RU-AZ efforts.

... Pashinyan about the terms of the Nov 9 ceasefire agreement violated by Russia and Azerbaijan, and the ethnic cleansing in Nagorno-Karabakh

Pashinyan criticized Russia and Azerbaijan again by accusing them of violating the November 9 ceasefire statement: "Paragraph 7 of the statement provides that internally displaced persons and refugees return to the Nagorno Karabakh territory and the adjacent regions under the supervision of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees. As you can see, after November 9, 2020, when the President of the Russian Federation and the President of Azerbaijan and myself signed this document, the Armenian refugees that left Nagorno Karabakh and the adjacent territories not only did not return to Nagorno Karabakh and the adjacent regions, but as a consequence of other events that unfolded a year ago, Nagorno Karabakh was fully emptied of Armenians, as a result of ethnic cleansing."

... Pashinyan criticized Azerbaijan for not freeing the ethnic Armenian hostages held in Baku prisons

PASHINYAN: Paragraph 8 of the November 9, 2020, trilateral statement provides that the exchange of POWs, hostages, and other detained persons, as well as the bodies of the deceased, shall be carried out. To date, there are POWs, hostages, and other detained persons in Azerbaijan. They have not been returned to date despite the provision that can be found in the November 9 trilateral statement. As you can see, it has not been implemented.

... Pashinyan about Russia's double standards and pro-Azerbaijan stance

PASHINYAN: None of the partners has any basis for accusing Armenia of failing to implement any of the provisions of the November 9 statement. However, as you can see Armenia and any independent and objective observer have grounds to say that our other partners, the signatories of the November 9 statement, have not at least fully fulfilled their obligations.

... Pashinyan exposes Azerbaijan's bad faith arguments about Armenia's Constitution supposedly being an "obstacle" because it "contains territorial demands" against Azerbaijan

PASHINYAN: The Constitution of the Republic of Armenia says nothing about the claims that are being attributed to it. This is similar to the situation with the November 9 trilateral statement, where an attempt is made to attribute something [Zangezur Corridor] that is simply not written.

On the contrary, Article 5, Point 3 of the Constitution of Armenia stipulates that “In case of contradiction between the norms of international treaties ratified by the Republic of Armenia and domestic laws, the provisions of international treaties shall apply.” This is another key principle. The peace treaty between Armenia and Azerbaijan as to be ratified by the Armenian Parliament, would mean that this agreement does not contradict the Constitution of Armenia. The moment it is ratified, it becomes superior over all other possible laws. This is a factor that must also be considered.

... "The reality is that the Constitution of Azerbaijan contains territorial demands against Armenia": Pashinyan

PASHINYAN: How is this substantiated? The constitutional act adopted by Azerbaijan in 1991 is the foundation of the Constitution of Azerbaijan and this is stated in the Constitution of Azerbaijan. The constitutional act, in turn, refers to and is based on the declaration of the establishment of the first Azerbaijani Republic in 1918. That is, the Constitution is based on the 1991 Independence Act, and the Independence Act of 1991 is in turn based on the 1918 Declaration of Independence. The 1918 Declaration of Independence proclaims that the territories of Azerbaijan shall include Eastern and Southern Transcaucasia. Moreover, in 1919, maps were submitted to the Paris Peace Conference and the League of Nations for the registration of the Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan contained the entire Syunik and Vayots Dzor regions of the Republic of Armenia, as well as parts of Ararat, Armavir, Gegharkunik, Tavush, Lori, and Shirak regions.

All of this makes obvious that the Constitution of Azerbaijan does contain territorial claims against the Republic of Armenia. But it is also important to note that we do not make this a topic of negotiation; we do not raise this issue because we believe that in the text of the peace treaty we agreed upon there is a provision that we see as follows: None of the parties can invoke the provisions of its internal legislation as justification for its failure to carry out the international agreements.

The text of the peace treaty fully addresses this problem and the international treaty provides that the parties may not invoke their domestic legislation as justification for failure to comply with their obligations under the international agreement.

full text with additional details, video, video,

Dalia Grybauskaitė, former president of Lithuania, spoke about her country's path to the EU and the Kaliningrad route

GRYBAUSKAITE (Yerevan Dialogue): We have not always been clever but we've always had our future, independence, and statehood in mind. This helped us make the right choice on who our friends are and what path to choose. Lithuania joined the EU only 20 years ago, and during these 20 years, we have been able to reach almost 90% of the European standard of living. We started from very very low. We are very similar to your country, with almost no energy resources, 3 million people, and practically no minerals. It was our people, education, resilience, and willingness to fight for ourselves and to invest in our country. We started by cooperating with Baltic states, we created the Baltic Council, and of course, we received immediate and very serious support from Nordic countries and cooperated with them closely and then later with the European Union. The decision to enter the EU's economic security club was very useful for us, but of course that meant a lot of reforms, a lot of responsibility, and to build resilience. It's about economic resilience. Economic resilience means energy resilience. Today Lithuania is not overly dependent on any single country for energy, while 20 years ago we were 100% dependent on Russian gas. Today it's 0%. That required huge efforts, expensive efforts, but our whole nation was united and understood that political independence ...


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The original was posted on /r/armenia by /u/HenkCamp on 2024-09-10 04:32:19+00:00.


What an amazing place. So many fond memories already. Armenian hospitality is only matched by the width of their smiles and the size of their food portions! Can’t wait to explore more over the next few days.

(And a special shoutout for the incredible way stray dogs are treated in Yerevan. If only every country would do that.)

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The original was posted on /r/armenia by /u/HAMBORGHlNI on 2024-09-10 20:43:23+00:00.


I have read a translation of an article* about the history of Armenians in Izmir, by French-Armenian historian Anahide Ter Minassian. Here are some highlights, in case anyone is interested:

  • Armenians in Izmir are first mentioned in a Byzantine-Genoese trade treaty in 1261
  • An Armenian chapel and cemetery in Izmir are mentioned again in 1380
  • Beginning from the 16th century, the Armenian community thrives thanks to silk and fabric trade between Iran and Europe
  • Armenian traders function as the point of contact for Europeans who are only allowed to operate in a few Ottoman ports
  • Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, more Armenians from Iran, Nakhichevan and Anatolia settle in Izmir either to make money or to escape persecution
  • Izmir becomes the main Ottoman export hub in the 1700s, and the second most important city of the empire in the 1800s
  • Some of the most powerful merchant families of this period are: Yusufyans, Kuyumcuyans, Ispartaliyans, Avedikyans, Bakirciyans, Yesayans, Balözyans, Elmasyans etc.
  • Sultan Abdulmajid sends two court architects to rebuild the Armenian quarter after it gets damaged by a fire in 1845. Several European nations also donate funds
  • The majority of Armenians are members of the Armenian Apostolic church, but a Catholic millet (converted by French, Italian and Austrian religious orders) and a Protestant millet (converted by American missionaries) also exist
  • The Surp Mesrob college receives a printing press in the 1830s, sparking an era of renaissance: over 30 Armenian language periodicals are published in Izmir between 1840-1922. French classics and religious texts are translated into Armenian and published alongside works in Turkish and Ladino language. Izmir is dubbed "the Armenian Athens"
  • By 1914, the population of Izmir reaches 300,000 with 6,000-12,000 ethnic Armenians
  • Armenian civilians are mostly spared from the "mass deportations" of 1915-1916 thanks to German general Liman von Sanders (who insists that the deportations and arrests are damaging military operations and he will not tolerate them)
  • The Armenian quarter of Izmir, Haynots, is completely destroyed in the great fire of 1922 soon after Greek forces evacuate the city
  • Scattered survivors end up in Greece, Egypt, Soviet Armenia, France and also South America

*Source of article: "İzmir Ermenileri: Küçük Bir Cemaatin Dinamizmi", in: Anahide Ter Minassian, Ermeni Kültürü ve Modernleşme: Şehir, Oyun, Mizah, Aile, Dil, 2006, pp. 11-32

*The original French source: "Les Arméniens: le dynamisme d'une petite communauté", in: Marie-Carmen Smyrnelis (ed.) Smyrne, la ville oublieé 1830-1930, 2006, pp. 79-91

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The original was posted on /r/armenia by /u/ar_david_hh on 2024-09-10 02:06:27+00:00.

Original Title: AM-US direct flights discussed \ Russian classes "not mandatory" \ Is մաղարիչ a bribe? \ Anti-corruption verdict \ \ EU visa \ Solar+battery \ Tehran vs Moscow \ Zangezur miner's water cannons \ Vax rates \ Yerevan's defibs & parks \ India flight \ Kidnappers found \ and...


14 minutes of Armenia coverage in Transcaucasian Telegraph's Sep/9/2024 edition.

new evidence shows that residents of provinces are significantly smarter than residents of Yerevan

The measles vaccination rates among 1-year-olds:

97.3% Vayots Dzor (highest)

89.1% Yerevan (lowest)

As for all vaccines:

Generally, immunization rates in Armenia have always been high, however, the comparative analysis of indicators on national vaccination coverage of 2012-2022 across all vaccines in the national vaccination calendar shows a continuous decrease among all target groups

In particular, in 2012 the full vaccination coverage of one-year-old children was at 95% percent, while in 2022 it went down to 90% and then to 91.3% as of January-April 2023

source,

Vice President of the European Commission is in Armenia to discuss visa liberalization

Pashinyan hosted Margaritis Schinas to discuss the development of AM-EU relations.

PASHINYAN: I am glad that there are noticeable movements in our relations. The negotiations on the visa regime liberalization are starting and a decision was made to support Armenia through the European Peace Facility, which we highly appreciate.

Armenia is expanding its agenda with the European Union. After my speech in the European Parliament last year, the discussions intensified in Armenia about the possibility of Armenia becoming a part of the European Union.

This is not a simple issue, but it has become part of the Armenian political agenda, so it is necessary to approach this topic thoroughly. Here it will be important to listen to the observations and advice of our EU partners. //

SCHINAS: The goal is to reach the endpoint as soon as possible, but there is no automation in this process. It will be demanding and will require a significant degree of commitment from the Armenian government, alongside our support.

However, I am confident that, considering the impressive achievements of the Armenian authorities and their determination, we will move forward quickly.

Today, we have initiated this process at the political level, and at the technical level, our teams are working together on very specific issues that need to be resolved.

We are also delighted that Armenia stands as an anchor of stability and sanity in a very turbulent region. The quality and depth of relations between the European Union and Armenia demonstrate that this country is committed to the ideas of peace and stability in the region. //

The interlocutors discussed issues related to the implementation of the agreements reached during the trilateral April 5 meeting in Brussels.

... European Commission about the visit of its VP to Armenia:

EC: The launch of the dialogue on visa liberalization – at the political level with Deputy Prime Minister Mher Grigoryan – is a strong signal by the EU and its Member States of their determination to deepen the already solid partnership between the EU and Armenia. The aim of this dialogue is to eventually lift the visa obligation for citizens of Armenia for short term stays in the EU once the Armenian authorities have implemented substantial reforms in key areas such as security of travel documents, border, migration and asylum management, public order and security, and fundamental rights related to the freedom of movement. As the experience with other third countries has shown, this dialogue with Armenia will be a multi-year process that will be undertaken in very close cooperation with EU Member States to monitor reform progress and developments. //

... how long did it take for Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine to liberalize visa with the EU?

Moldova: 4 years

Georgia: 5 years

Ukraine: 9 years

The EU launched the process with Georgia in June 2012, sent the plan of action in February 2013, and kept monitoring the progress until December 2015. In March 2016 the EU decided to liberalize it, and it went into effect in March 2017.

The EU launched the talks with Moldova in June 2010, presented the plan of action in January 2011, and monitored the progress until November 2013. The EU approved the liberalization in November 2013, and it went into effect in April 2014.

source, source, source, source, source,

ranking Iranian politicians continue to take shots at Russia and publicly oppose the Russia-Azerbaijan efforts to force Armenia to surrender a Russian-controlled corridor through southern Armenia

Context in Friday telegraph.

Ebrahim Azizi, the head of Iran's Parliamentary defense committee called a corridor a "red line" for Iran and "against the interests of regional countries" and said "Iran strongly opposes them."

[Azizi] referred to the misguided thoughts and mentalities behind the formation of the Great Turan project, asserting that Zangezur is a fictitious corridor

"We warn those who pursue such illusions that the consequences of these decisions will be heavy and costly."

Azizi noted that Iran closely monitors developments in the South Caucasus, as the region plays a significant role in the Eurasian axis.

Ali Nikzad, Deputy Speaker of the Iranian parliament, advised Moscow and Baku to respect state borders in the region: "We do not accept the change of borders. I advise Russia and Azerbaijan to respect the borders."

Hassan Ghashghavi, a member of Iran's parliamentary defense committee urged "everyone, including Russia" to respect the direct border between Iran and Armenia.

GHASHGHAVI: The direct border connection with Armenia has a history of several thousand years, and every country, including the Russian government, must respect that. We must all pay attention to preserving the territorial integrity of countries and recognize the international border. //

IRAN's FOREIGN MINISTRY: Iran supports peace in the South Caucasus and welcomes the unblocking of regional communication routes within the framework of the sovereignty of states. //

Fada-Hossein Maleki, another ranking member of the parliamentary defense committee, called Russia's efforts to open the "anti-Iran" corridor "paradoxical" and a "stab in the back."

MALEKI: Iran's diplomacy will give a strong response to the latest positions of the Russian president. Iran's national interests are a red line that cannot be crossed by any threat. Russia received a harsh response from Iran for its stance on the 3 Iranian islands in the Persian Gulf, and the same will happen regarding the "Zangezur corridor." //

Meanwhile, in Armenia, former Ambassador-At-Large Edmon Marukyan believes the sharp messaging coming from Iran is directed at Armenia, not Russia, because "Armenia has agreed to open the [East-West route]". To "prove" his point, Marukyan falsely claimed that Iranian officials did not specify Russia as the target of their messages. Marukyan said Iran did not publicly oppose the November 9 when it was first signed, therefore he uses his Harvard analytical skills to conclude that these latest rebukes are directed at Armenia and not Russia: "I can confidently say that these messages are directed at us - the Republic of Armenia." Marukyan went on to suggest that Russia will force Armenia to surrender a corridor if Armenia does not give one voluntarily.

Armenia's NatSec Armen Grigoryan met Iran's Ambassador and thanked Iran for its support for Armenia's territorial integrity, adding that "no force can sever the territorial link between Iran and Armenia."

... Armenia responds to Iran's harsh stance against the Russia-Azerbaijan corridor

Armenia's parliament president Alen Simonyan welcomed Iran's vocal stance against any attempts to violate Armenia's territorial integrity and sovereignty. Simonyan said that after the 2020 war, Russia used the unresolved nature of the Nagorno-Karabakh c...


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Just fun facts:

ALL of the capitals of Ancient Armenia except Tigranakert (Artaxiad / Arsacid, Orontid) were located near Yerevan, on Ararat plain and the territory of modern Armenia — Vagharshapat, Dvin, Yerazgavors, Artashat, Eruandashat, Armavir

ALL of the capitals if Medieval Armenia (Bagratids) were located on Shirak plain, near Gyumri — Ani, Kars, Bagaran, Yerazgavors

Ani and Dvin were the largest cities during the medieval times and one of the largest in the entire world. Both had +- 100.000 population.

The largest city in the territory of Ancient Armenia NOW is Yerevan.

The largest cities during 19th century in Armenia were Gyumri and Yerevan.

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The original was posted on /r/armenia by /u/JeanJauresJr on 2024-09-09 20:11:06+00:00.

Original Title: Azerbaijanis driving through Stepanakert show Armenian homes being cleared out in preparation for the Azerbaijani government to send settlers to take them over. "They take what they want and throw the rest away." AZ still claims Armenians should return. Return to what?

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